B7 City Planning

Cinderby, S. (2010). "How to reach the 'hard-to-reach': the development of Participatory Geographic Information Systems (P-GIS) for inclusive urban design in UK cities." Area. yes A4 B7 C3 minor but could show methodological innovation
	Describes the development of a participatory geographic information systems (P-GIS) methodology specifically aimed at overcoming the barriers to engagement experienced by 'hard to reach' sectors of the community. Discusses the need to foster civic engagement and the problem of involving hard to reach groups such as asylum seekers, people with disabilities, young people, older people, ethnic minorities and people living in deprived areas. Looks at the use of on-street engagement and participatory mapping in P-GIS, and highlights benefits of these approaches. Illustrates the application of the P-GIS method with reference to three recent case studies carried out in Salford, York and Blackpool. Describes the rapid appraisal participatory GIS (RAP-GIS) approach, incorporating in-situ on-street events, using individual and group participatory mapping and individuals' input. Compares this with other conventional participatory engagement techniques. Considers the ethical implications of the technique. Concludes that the RAP-GIS approach has the potential to ensure effective and inclusive engagement with local communities over development and regeneration issues, particularly hard-to-reach groups.

Esher, L. B. V., et al. (1968). York: a study in conservation : report to the Minister of Housing and Local Government and York City Council. London, H.M.S.O. yes A4 B7 C1a
	
Forster, C. A. (1969). "The historical development and present day  significance of by-law housing morphology, with particular reference to Hull, York and Middlesborough." yes A4 B2 B7 C1a
	
Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2003). A new vision for York. York 2003, Joseph Rowntree Foundation. yes Ab B7 C1a
	Following a proposal from York Civic Trust, a report was commissioned by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation on behalf of Without Walls, York's Local Strategic Partnership. Based on consultation with York residents and organisations the report seeks to stimulate debate on a new 'vision' for the city.

King, N. F. a. F. (2003) "A New Vision for York		". yes A1e B7 C1a. 
	An exploration of a possible future for the City of York, based on consultation with local residents and organisations.

A new vision for York explores the future of the city. Based on consultation with York residents and organisations, the conclusions will form part of the Community Plan being developed by Without Walls, York’s Local Strategic Partnership, and provide ideas for other British cities considering their future. The study includes a profile of York as it stands today, illuminated by comparisons with other British cities with similar historic legacies such as Bath, Chester, Exeter and Norwich.

It offers ideas for how York might develop, drawing on lessons from comparable European cities and on specially commissioned papers. It also examines the practical constraints on various development options. The authors suggest that York should adopt a strategy of ‘Smart’ growth based on the principles of sustainability and accessibility. They offer six strategic themes for constructing a vision of the future: a modern historic city; a significant European city; a city of creativity and knowledge; a city of villages and neighbourhoods; a city for health and well-being; and a welcoming and inclusive city.	

LeGates, R. T. and F. Stout (1997). Early urban planning, 1870-1940. London, Routledge. Yes A3 B7 C1a
	
Les Sparks, K. M., Lord Best and Peter Marcus				 (2001) "Masterplanning a new community: Designs for a new town extension in York". yes A1d B2 B7 C1b. 
	Learning the lessons of the twentieth century in designing housing developments for the twenty-first. Drawing on its own research into housing and social wellbeing, the Joseph Rowntree Foundation proposed a new community on the edge of York, developed in partnership with the City of York Council – almost 100 years on from the development of Joseph Rowntree’s own garden village of New Earswick, York. The story of the masterplanning process is told in this web book featuring the four competing masterplans that were commissioned. All the plans, diagrams and illustrations are available in full colour, and there are additional chapters arguing the case for masterplanning, describing the intensive consultation with the local community,and commenting on the ideas put forward in the masterplans. 

Madge, N. and et al. (2002). "Planning for children, young people and young families in New Osbaldwick." yes A1f B2 B11 B7 C1b
	Research report on the proposed development of a new community at New Osbaldwick, to the east of York. Outlines considerations needed to be taken into account when planning and designing the community environment and its services. Covers issues such as childcare services, education facilities, health services, leisure facilities, home zones, safety, transport, listening to young people, and creating a sense of community.

Shaftoe, H. (2008). Convivial urban spaces: creating effective public places, Earthscan, Dunstan House, 14a St Cross Street, London EC1N 8XA. yes A1f B7 C3
	Discusses the creation of public spaces, focusing mainly on small-scale open spaces in towns, looking at both design and public policy aspects. Explores the purpose of public; spaces, looking at issues of inclusivity, safety, and the role of children and young people. Considers what gives some places 'personality' and 'conviviality' and what lessons; can be learned to help design, maintain and manage better quality built environments. Looks at the psychology of public space, aesthetics, character, influences on the use of; public space, and the size, shape and types of public space. Discusses how successful public spaces can be created and sustained, with short case studies of Ciutat Vella,; Barcelona; Potsdamer Platz and Marzahn, Berlin; Bristol; Padua; and York. Identifies the constituents of conviviality in urban spaces - physical, geographical, managerial,; psychological and sensual.

Uprichard, E. (2004). Studying complex places: change and continuity in York and Dijon, Durham.yes A1e B7 C2. 
	This study considers the methodological implications of a critical realist and complex systems perspectives to social phenomena in general, and to cities and urban regions in particular.  Using three broad methodological approaches, namely the use of official statistics, visual sources and group interviews with children, different representations of York and Dijon are produced.  Through an integrated and reflexive analysis of the findings, an argument is developed to show that an emergent pattern of change and continuity since the 1970s is common to both places.  This is then related to the desired and projected changes to the cities voiced by the children, who, it is argued, are active agents shaping the present and future trajectories of their respective city.

Varady, D. P. (1996). "Local housing plans: Learning from Great Britain." Housing Policy Debate 7(2): 253-292. yes A1e B7 C3
	As the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development refines the new Consolidated Plans, which replace the Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategies, it should examine Britain's experience with local housing plans. Case studies of four best-practice cities-Glasgow, Dundee, Birmingham, and York-highlight the value of these plans in assessing the success of cities in their new ''enabler'' role. Five key lessons for American cities emerge from this article. First, these plans can serve multiple roles beyond bids to central government. Second, local housing plans should address market-rate as well as below-market-rate housing issues. Third, American housing plans should use a wider range of data sources than census information alone and should incorporate housing market analyses dealing with specific areas and population groups. Fourth, the stress on implementation and strategy in British plans should be emulated. Finally, aspects of Britain's competitive bidding system should be considered for implementation.

Wilson, R. J. (2012). "Social Reform and Allotment Gardening in Twentieth-Century York." Journal of Urban History 38(4): 731-752. yes A3 B7 C1a
	This article examines the development of allotment gardens in the northern English city of York at the start of the twentieth century. Using archive material and newspaper reports, the role of the allotment gardens within wider issues of urban social reform is explored. Through Giddens’s theory of structuration, the manner in which relationships between citizens and the City Corporation of York developed is investigated. In this manner, the place of allotment gardens as a means of understanding wider urban life in Britain can be reexamined. Although allotment gardens have only partially featured in studies of civic reform, identity and governmentality, their place as a central feature of working-class life in Britain demands that a greater focus of attention be placed on these plots of land.